21st Century Medicine
21st Century Medicine (21CM) is an American for-profit cryobiological research company. It has as its primary focus the development of perfusates and protocols for viable long-term cryopreservation of mammalian and human organs, tissues, and cells through the use of vitrification. With its offices and laboratories in Fontana, California, 21CM was founded in 1993.[1][2]
21CM developed cryoprotectants B1C, B2C, and M22 that the Alcor Life Extension Foundation has used in vitrification of cryonics patients.[3] People employed at 21CM include or included Greg Fahy, Robert McIntyre, and Brian Wowk.
History[edit]
In 2004, 21CM received a $900,000 grant from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) to study a preservation solution developed by the University of Rochester in New York for extending simple cold storage time of human hearts removed for transplant.[4]
At the July 2005 annual conference of the Society for Cryobiology, 21CM announced the vitrification of a rabbit kidney to −135 °C with their vitrification mixture. The kidney was successfully transplanted upon rewarming to a rabbit, the rabbit being euthanized on the 48th day for histological follow-up.[5][6]
On February 9, 2016, 21CM won the Brain Preservation Foundation's Small Mammal Brain Preservation Prize.[7][8] On March 13, 2018, 21CM won the Large Mammal Brain Preservation Prize.[9][10] Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation was used in both cases.
Sources[edit]
- ↑ Our Company. 21cm.com
- ↑ 21st Century Medicine. crunchbase.com
- ↑ Human Cryopreservation Procedures (page 554)
- ↑ 21st Century Medicine Receives NIH Grant to Pursue Heart Preservation.. Business Wire. September 30, 2004
- ↑ Plenary Session: Fundamentals of Biopreservation. July 24, 2005
- ↑ Fahy GM, Wowk B, Pagotan R, Chang A, Phan J, Thomson B, Phan L (2009). "Physical and biological aspects of renal vitrification". Organogenesis. 5 (3): 167–175. doi:10.4161/org.5.3.9974. PMC 2781097. PMID 20046680. "After ensuring that the animal appeared capable of living indefinitely using the vitrified kidney as the sole renal support, it was euthanized for histological follow-up on day 48."
- ↑ SMALL MAMMAL BPF PRIZE WINNING ANNOUNCEMENT. brainpreservation.org
- ↑ Mammal brain frozen and thawed out perfectly for first time. Helen Thomson. New Scientist. February 11, 2016
- ↑ LARGE MAMMAL BPF PRIZE WINNING ANNOUNCEMENT. brainpreservation.org
- ↑ New Brain Preservation Technique Could Be a Path to Mind Uploading. George Dvorsky. Gizmodo. March 14, 2018
External links[edit]
- Official website
- Wikipedia: 21st Century Medicine
- 21st Century Medicine. Cryonics 2015 #4 (pages 13–15)